Different media texts analysis, relationship between media and Assignment

Different media texts analysis, relationship between media and communication and in footing of culture - Assignment ExampleMedia will always want to maintain a good relationship with the society and therefore it tends to sell itself to the consumers by state the society what they want to hear. Media is so dependent on the society because it cannot exist without it. intercourse on the other hand is the flow and of ideas and information between individuals. Communication is only effective if the two or more communicating persons understand one another. It is only successful if the pass catcher is able to decode and understand veritable the message from sender (Carey, 1989). The communication process involves, first, the sender has to possess an element of feeling, idea, concept or information that he wants to pass to the sender. Next, involves encoding of the message. The message is direct to the intended receiver in words, symbols or appropriate language of the medium. Next, the decoding of the message takes place. This involves expression of the message in an intelligence language that the receiver understands. Lastly, the receiver gives feedback to the sender. This is an expression of the senders opinion. This can be in form of words, facial expression or feelings. Media textual analysis is the way in which the earreach of given information make an intelligent, educated and a well understandable choice at the most likely interpretation about the information (Chin, 2011). It is a methodology used to carry out quantitative analysis of the content of some information in question. Texts from magazines, advertisements, boob tube, clothes or films can be fast analyzed so as to obtain different ways in which different audiences interpret them according to different situational analysis. There are several factors that accept interpretation of media messages. First, cultural background has got a say on the interpretation an individual will give to a particula r message. The cultural backgrounds could be religious, tribal or economic. For instance, daybooks from the west report that fatness is unhealthy. However, there is no general universal agreement that organism fat is something worth not appreciating or appreciating. about western medical and anesthetic arguments insist that having a larger system is neither attractive nor healthy. This is not the case in Africa (Chin, 2011). For example in Niger, being fat is the beauty of a woman. Therefore women get encouraged to take pills to gain appetite and steroids to become heavy. The media case above about the western journal is clear evidence that cultural disparity result to different aspects in which a media message gets interpreted. People from the western community who are influenced by scientific research would support the health journal report. On the other hand, the Niger community from Africa is greatly influenced by their African traditions (Berger, 2011). They believe that a w oman is quantified by her body size. Their reaction to the journal would be dismissive. Differences in critical reasoning and thinking also display varying interpretation about media information. Logical reasoning is the stand of factual argument in the western countries inherited from Classical Greece (Silverstone, 1999). They will often subject facts to many options of executable understanding. Culture of the Jains in India poses several possible results of factual analysis. Is it a fact? May be it is, may be it is but it is not, and may be it is not. Let us consider a television advertisement of a sexual protective wear. Medium analysis has to take into account several

Business case for an IT Solution for solution to a real healthcare Research Paper

Business case for an IT Solution for solution to a veridical healthcare issue in Population Healt Management - Research Paper ExampleThis has make it hard for the organizations to meet their set goals or targets. Even though the EHR (Electronic Health Records) provides many of the health facilities with clinical data in raw form, there have still been some challenges. The challenges include ensuring that the data is accessible and the akin time usable. An additional challenge has been reporting the outcomes of the data that has been accessed and used (Health Catalysts, 2015).According to WPRO, the integration of information systems in the health sector can be define as, the process of combining incompatible components of health information systems so that they function in a more coordinated and unified manner (Lum, Bennet & Whittaker, 2009). instruction technology can be used to integrate and share the data in the health sector. The data integration can occur in different numbe r of levels in the system of health information. These levels include circumscribe, data management, data quality assurance and psychoanalysis, organization support, data dissemination and sharing and donor inputs. The contents include the information or indicators while the data management involves the information technology use with a central repository. Quality of data assurance and analysis include the use of statistical and analytical techniques that are standardized. The organization support entails capacity building and training of the human resource. The sharing and dissemination of data is where there is the use of visual analytics. The donor inputs entail and not limited to, resource sharing.The art of integration of data entails effort being put in note to link data elements that are independent. The different sources of data that have different types of data or media of storage are integrated to develop new information. This is made possible through the use of informa tion technology in the health facilities. Data integration covers all data handling

A Comparative Legal Political Analysis on Child Labour in India and Dissertation

A Comparative Legal Political Analysis on Child Labour in India and Pakistan - Dissertation ExampleConsequently, I am composition this proposal after the research and dissertation has been finished. As requested, I have written the proposal as if the research had not yet been conducted, and have provided surplus cultivation where required. Objectives The aim of this research was to examine how people in India and Pakistan perceive child labour and what the differences in perceptions were. This information result be related to the world(prenominal) and national laws concerning child labour that employers in India and Pakistan are subject to, and what changes need to be made to decrease the prevalence of child labour. To address the research aim, a mixed methods research approach will be taken, using both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Proposed methods It was set that to accurately determine the differences between the two countries, a large sample size will need to be tak en. Because child labour is a sensitive topic in both India and Pakistan, it was important that the research was non-invasive and did not require much time out of the participants. Consequently, a multiple-choice survey was designed containing ten questions. Using a multiple-choice survey allows the results to be quantifiable, and has the additional benefit of allow participants to maintain their anonymity. In order to bypass potential response bias and low response rate, the survey will be distributed in two forms, by mail (to 100 people in each country, using random sampling methods) and by handing out the survey in person (100 people per country). This method should allow for adequate numbers of respondents, to research the questions for this topic. Because the results from these surveys would be broad and the design did not allow individual perspectives to be shown, it was determined that a second part of the research project will also need to be undertaken. This component of th e research will involve face-to-face interviews with pentad participants from each country, representing a range of industries. The aim is to interview two employers from industries that traditionally hire child labourers, two lawyers and one adult worker from the same industry. However, it may be difficult to find people who are willing to talk openly about child labour, so these allocations may not be exact. for each one interview will be between ten minutes and an hour in length, depending on how willing the subjects are to participate. Ethical considerations Subjects who participate in this need will be given an informational page along with the survey which informs them about the study (Appendix 1) and what the data collected will be used for. Participation in the survey will be taken as informed consent. Likewise, all participants in the verbal interviews will be given information about the study, and the implications will be discussed prior to the beginning of the intervi ew. Individuals will be given the option to opt-out of the study if they were not comfortable with the information, and participation will be assumed to imply informed consent. The method of survey taking that will be used allows participants to remain entirely anonymous. Participants will not be asked to identify themselves in any way, and no identifying information will recorded. In addition, information on what addresses the survey is sent out to will not be recorded. Consequently, there will be no way to determine the individual identities of the people who participate in the survey. The interview portion of the study involves the researcher talking face-to-face with the participant. This is more difficult, as the researcher will be aware of the identity of the individuals that are part of the interviews. However, their anonymity will be maintained and no personally identifiable information will be

King Aegeus - Greek Mythology Essay Example for Free

King Aegeus Greek Mythology EssayEven though realityy believe mythology was written just to satisfy, it actually serves as an explanation. These tales written by Ancient Greeks were non written just to entertain, but for a purpose. Mythology is an all-important(a) factor which helps discover secrets of our race. Using these myths, natural phenomena is explained, morality is taught, and mans majusculeest hopes and deepest fears are revealed. Still today these stories are looked at to explain everyday events.An example of mythology unlocking keys to the human race is when natural phenomena is explained. In the humbug of Theseus, his father, King Aegeus, kills himself and falls into a body of water which is now known as the Aegean Sea (Hamilton 152). King Aegeus shows the love he has for Theseus by committing suicide when he believes his beloved son was killed in the Labrynith. The Greeks celebrate his carriage by naming the Aegean Sea after him.In addition to this inciden ce, the explanation of seasons is attached using the tale of Demeter, Demeter did not refuse, poor comfort though it was that she must lose Persephone for four months every year and her young loveliness go buck to the world of the dead, (Hamilton 53). When Demeter is without her daughter, whom she loves dearly, for four months, she becomes very unhappy. As a result of her depression, the earth becomes cold for this time period, thus making the season of winter. Certainly mythology is a great source of justification for the unexplainable.Not only does mythology explain natural phenomena, it also teaches morality in many of the myths. For example, in the story of Daedalus, he warns his son not to fly too high because the heat of the sun will melt the glue on his wings and he will fall, but Icarus gets caught up with having the talent to fly, disregards his fathers advice, and ends up falling into the sea (Hamilton 139-140). The moral portrayed in the story is that children need to obey their elders, for they have more life experiences and wisdom.When Icarus does not listen to his father, fate is not kind to him. Another situation that depicts a significant lesson is the one that takes place in Perseuss story when Queen Cassiopeia boasts her daughter, Andromeda, to be more beautiful than the daughters of Nereus. This angers the gods and they send a man eating serpent to Ethiopia which can only be freed by the sacrifice of Andromeda (Hamilton 146). The message of this myth is that being prideful is dangerous and can cause people to perform harmful actions towards the boasting party.Often times, individuals are proud of what they have and flaunt their possessions for attention, when it is separate to just sit quiet and let others realize it themselves. Clearly, the morals taught in mythology were relevant to life then and are still relevant in life today. The final function mythology serves is being able to explore mans greatest hopes and deepest fears. This is displayed in Thisbe and Pyramuss tale when their ashes are put together in the urn so that they will be together forever (Hamilton 103). In life, it is ones dream to be with their loved one for as long as they are alive.It is very common when a couple dies that they want to be buried together in the hopes that even death will not be able to separate them. Friendship is a relationship similar to marriage that is highly valued and is demonstrated when Hercules leaves the Argonauts to go look for his best friend, Hylas (Hamilton 120). It is not corresponding Hercules to abandon such a journey that would make him even look even more heroic, but his friendship with Hylas takes priority over the voyage for the favourable Fleece. The force present in friendship is so strong that one will do almost anything for the other.Without a doubt mythology provides many of examples of mans greatest hopes and deepest fears. Obviously mythology can be used in many ways to explain everyday happenings . Whether it is natural phenomena, morality, or mans hopes and fears, mythology plays an important role. The mythological stories, written by the ancient Greeks, often parallel events that happen today. Studying more in depth of these myths might lead to a split up perception of life now. Work Cited Hamilton, Edith. Mythology Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. New York Penguin Group, 1940. Print. 13-315.

Conan Doyle and Ronald Dahl Essay Example for Free

Conan Doyle and Ronald Dahl EssayIn this essay I am going to examine the two stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Ronald Dahl, The Speckled Band and Lambs to the Slaughter. I will do so by comparing, contrasting, and explaining what the two writers are trying to say in each bill because both stories are very antithetical but both are the same genre. I will also explain what a genre is, and give examples of their galore(postnominal) types. I will start with The Speckled Band by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The tosh contains one of the most famous fictional detectives the world has ever known, Sherlock Holmes. This typeface was created by Sir Arthur and surfaced in 1887 in Victorian times.The Victorians completely fell for the fictional lawsuit because crime was high school in London at this time no one was safe. They also liked the character because he cracked every case and always defeated evil. When Doyle tried to kill of the character in 1893, in that respect was a public outcry and Doyle received death threats warning him to keep Holmes alive. The language used is first person and it seems like the story is aimed at a type of upper class because it uses more sophisticated words for intelligent large number. Where as Lambs to the Slaughter is third person and it is aimed at ordinary people with average intellectual.Dahl has made it that way because this is his style. This makes the story easier to read. The Speckled Band begins with a very long opening paragraph and this is just to explain the scene and setting. The story starts with Watson explaining how many cases him and Holmes have got to deal with and this lasts for 9 lines which is unusual for an opening sentence. This doesnt give the story any atmosphere, suspense or tension and its really up to you if that exact bit can make you want to read on. They usually are short to give you an instant view of what is going on.Dr Watson is telling the story and he is one of Holmess assistants and prob ably best friend, who help him with cases. He looks up to Holmes and admires him, he is devoted to him. In Lambs to the Slaughter it starts by giving you the setting and the mood of the story straight away by saying The room was warm and clean, the curtains drawn, the two table lamps alight hers and the one by the empty cfuzz opposite. This gives you an image in your head of exactly what the room looks like and how it haves and you can tell this all from the first sentence This adds to the atmosphere.Another character in this is Dr Grimesby Roylott who is the other main character in the story and he is the villain. Dr Roylott comes across as a very strong, aggressive and nasty man. Not one to mess with. This is a title people have given him because of past criminal offences, selfish, evil, uncivilised, rude behaviour, greed for financial gain, his brutality towards women and his frightening expressions of his savage, primitive nature (i. e. his mania, violent temper and physical c ruelty). fifty-fifty before Dr Roylott enters the story you get a picture of what type of man he is when Helen Stoner comes to Holmes for help and protection.This is where we hear most of the things about him. That he has irrepressible anger, terrifying power to intimidate and threaten, etc. Holmes and Watson have the job of consoling Miss Stoner. With his appearance he is a huge man with brown hair down to the shoulder and blood shoot eyes. He also has very large hands. Three words I would use to describe him are intelligent, contrivance and aggressive. He also isolates him self from the outside world and I think thats another reason why people are suspicious of him. This is every different from the villain in Lambs to the Slaughter.Mrs Mary Maloney is the very nice and pleasant wife for her husband. She does everything he ask of him, has the dinner on the table each night when he comes in at five oclock. She cooks, cleans and washes for him Mary is extremely happy in her relatio nship until one day her husband tells her that he has been having an affair. She decides to take it as a dream at first and believes if she carries on as normal she might have imagined it. So she goes down to the cellar to get the meat for supper. As she comes can up he says, For Gods sake, dont make me supper Im going out and at that moment without any pause she simply walked up behind him, swung the leg of lamb high in the air and brought it down as hard as she could on his head. The mysterious thing about these two villains is that when Dr Roylott gets caught for the murder of Miss Stoners sister you feel happy and glad that he has been rightly accused and he deserves what he gets The twist is that when Mrs Maloney gets completely away with the murder of her husband you get a hotshot of feeling that pleases you because even though she has done wrong and should be punished.She has been calm and cunning about the situation and handled it well. Its as if you want her to get away w ith it knocked out(p) of the two Stories I prefer Lambs to the Slaughter because it is easier to read and understand but I like both because a lot of thought has gone into the eyepatch and that makes it more interesting. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Education in Culture Essay Example for Free

Education in Culture EssayEducation in todays existence is far more divers(prenominal) from the education it was before. Nowadays, as technologies and industries progress onwards, the need for education becomes more vital. Education is about learning and withal pedagogy skills. As a part of the society, education has played major roles non only on passing culture from one generation to another still also in helping establish a more stable society. Education also denotes on the process of drawing out certain skills or making someone realize the use of some skills that he has on its own. And as the world develops, the entirety of education also has changed. Now, it encompasses different disciplines such as philosophy, psychology, biology, history, sciences, sociology and many others. Education is believed to have started once a person is born and ends until he dies. Each and every person defines education differently from others. Education lav be attained steady without the presence of proper schooling. It is the experience and the applications of the things learned that counts on what one has attained.Different cultures in the world have a different point of view on the idea of education. Their definition and ideas about education is highly embarked on the way they spend their everyday lives, how they eat their food, how they please their gods or how they rear their young. Basically, perspectives about education and how learning is done in a particular place is based on their culture. The United States is one of the countries that belong to the horse opera culture. Its culture started even before it became a country.Now, as the world progresses and along with the different factors of culture combination and transfer, the United States is one of the diverse and multi cultural nations. overdue to the strong British ties that have happened in the past, the United States culture is greatly influenced by the British culture. Other influences also includ e European countries who once wage part in the history of the US such as Poland, Italy, Germany, Ireland and the Natives of America. Due to rampant migration and trade during the past, the western part of Africa has also played important roles in the structure of culture of the United States today.As one of the leading countries in the world today, the culture of the United States requires education as one of the needs of its severally and every citizen. In its education system, children ranging from the ages five to six are necessitated to attend school. At the age of five most children starts schooling in kindergarten, then, they attend unsubdivided from ages six to eleven, middle school from eleven to fourteen then high school from fourteen to eighteen. There are two forms of education in the States mankind and private.Public education in the United States is funded by the federal government and by each of the individual states. These funds came mainly from the taxes in the c ity of the states and not as education fund given by the federal government. On the other hand, private education in the United States receives little or no government support at all. And since most of the private schools are governed by religious organizations, these private institutions are disqualified from direct government support. Students who have gradatory from the secondary level may still pursue education in universities.There are different Universities in the States. Some are funded both by the local and federal government and some are governed by private institutions. Due to the status of the United States in the world today, it is one of the countries in the world with the most advanced and most extensive educational systems and procedures. Education as a primary requirement in the States is offered in all levels from the children to the youth and even to the adults. Aside from learning as its main propose, education in theStates seeks to promote wisdom, democracy, nat ionalism, equality and development not only of the state and the country but also the self. References Greenberg, I. (2007). Vocational education, Work Culture and the Children of Immigrants in 1930s Bridgeprort. Journal of Social History. Volume 41. No. 1. Reed. T. V. (2007). Popular Culture Resources for Critical Analysis, Retrieved, November 23, 2005, from http//www. wsu. edu/amerstu/pop/. USA larn Guide. (2007). American Culture US Culture Info. Retrieved, November 23, 2007, from http//www. usastudyguide. com/americanculture. htm.

Strategic ability of Hong Leong Bank

St countgic ability of Hong Leong chamferHong Leong intrust Berhad was found by Ji Chiew. The shore starts operations in 1905 in Kuching, Sarawak. In 1 January 1982, the thinker Office relocated from Kuching to Kuala Lumpur. The consolidation of banking institution to meet the requirement of cashbox Negara Malaysia marks a nonher milest wiz for Hong Leong Bank Berhad. Hong Leong Bank Berhad was listed on Kuala Lumpur Stock deepen on 17 October 1994. The food food market place crownworkization as of recent days is RM 470 million, according to bank website. Hong Leong Bank has diversified the businesses into monetary go, manufacturing, and property and infrastructure learning. The function availcapable be personal monetary emoluments such as credit lineups, investment, loan, deposits, insurance, priority banking, personal banking and Hong Leong Club Rewards for customer loyalty (Hong Leong Bank, 2009).Industry psycho compend2.1 Why Porters 5 mystifysPorters model d etermines the hawkishness of an validation using the five different forces and shows how the forces be related. To develop business strategies effectively, organizations must understand and act in response to those forces. (Porter, 1985) (Fornell and Wernerfelt, 1987)Rivalry Among Existing CompetitorsThere argon 37 banks, which be recognized and licensed to operate in Malaysia and more monetary institution atomic number 18 opening soon. The trend of increment of the consequence of banks within the application is fast and there are great challenges for HLB to create and maintain a good market share. Other banks are seems to be more aggressive to get and retain customers. This force is not in favor of Hong Leong Bank. (BNM, 2009)Threat of Substitute Products and Services neverthe slight though there are many fiscal institutions available, some laughable facilities set up only be obtained from the bank only. American Express facilities, co-branded products (e.g. MTV), highe r delight rate, club rewards, junior/senior savings, overdraft are the few products which only available to this bank. and then this force is in favor to the bank. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009) (BNM, 2009)Bargaining Power of BuyersHaving the whole crop of financial players a violate from the retail banks, it is evident that customers can move within the 40 operators and can also decide to switch to the other non-banking institutions. Their choice can counterbalance extend to the insurance companies, depending on the nature of the product. For instance if a customer is looking for a small amount of loan, he/she can even get the said product from organizations like AEON, etc. The close location of various banks is also giving customer a very high bargain power too. For instance in a location of Puchong Jaya, a pertinacious the street of Jalan Kenari it is easy to find at least 9 banks within 100 meters Maybank, ordinary Bank, Eon Bank, CIMB Bank, HSBC, Alliance Bank, Bank Simpanan N asional, UOB. With this concentration the bargaining of customers always goes high before customers start looking on a differentiated service. For the said bank, this is abruptly a negative favor since the potential customers can shift easily to different psyche. (BNM, 2009)Bargaining Power of SuppliersThe core business of the Hong Leong Bank is product and services which mainly focal pointes on safety of monetary management. The suppliers exit some tangibles like checkbooks, lockers, private banking, priority banking. The impact of these in HLB is not much significant since they are not really like the raw material. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Threat of New EntrantsThe Bank Negara Malaysia has set a minimum capital requirement of RM5 billion for a bank to be registered. The conditions set for registering a bank are not difficult to obtain, hence entry barriers become low. Thus more foreign possessed financial firms are keen to open their business in Malaysia. Certainly these instit utions will pose threat on breathing banking business as theyll have unique products and services. This force is not in favor of Hong Leong Bank. . (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)From the above analysis of HLB 5 forces analysis, the diagram below will provide a summary of the banks overall industry analysis.Threat of New Entrants(-)Threat of Substitute Products and Services(+)Bargaining Power of Buyers(-)Rivalry among existing competitors(-)Bargaining Power of Buyers(+)2.2 Limitations of the Porters ModelPorters 5 force analysis talks about the outer forces applicable to the outside of business. Todays business is much more vast and robust requiring dynamic approaches which should be an integration of different approaches quite a than depends on a single analysis. Internal factor analysis requires much analysis as external. Designing, visioning and learning approaches should be gestateed when an industry analysis is done. Proters 5 forces are deprivation of these factors. (Porter, 1985 ) (Gronroos, 1997)strategic Capability Analysis3.1 StakeholdersStakeholder Analysis identifies important groups of people or individuals that can have an influence on the Project. These Stakeholders can have their own objectives and views, which may differ and conflict with other Stakeholders. A Stakeholder Analysis is required to identify all the parties who are directly or indirectly considered by the enterprises operations. This includes not only the traditional shareholders, but also some new groups that the insights of sustainable development tell us must be consulted in decisions that affect them. (Roberts, Varki, and Brodie, 2003) (Fombrun and Shanley, 1990)In an organization, internal stakeholder is the employees or people who work at heart the organization. External stakeholders exist outside the organization but have a direct arouse in what it does (e.g. shareholders, governments, customers) etc. (Roberts, Varki, and Brodie, 2003)3.2 get up Analysis3.2.1 Why wad Anal ysis? fig out analysis is a tool for auditing an organization and its environment. It is the first stage of provision and helps marketers to focus on key issues. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. (Spreng and Chiou, 2002)In SWOT, strengths and weaknesses are internal factors and opportunities and threats are external factors.3.2.2 Hong Leong Bank SWOT AnalysisStrengthHong Leong Bank Berhad (HLB) principal activity is providing consumer-banking services including credit cards, investment, mortgage, deposits, insurance and priority banking. Other activities include business banking, trade financing, working capital facilities, treasury, foreign exchange, money market operations, capital market securities trading, investment, and takaful business. It has been recognized as one of the most profitable bank in Malaysia. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)It has 186 branches, 17 business centers with talented and motivated employees throughout Malaysia making it one of the most widened banking sectors in Malaysia.Their first award year 2004, an acknowledgement for their active participation in spurring the ontogeny of the SMEs in the country. This award certainly spur Hong Leongs strength to bring more value added financial services to customers and the SMI community and to help them face the extremely dispute and competitive business environment both lo mobilizey and globally.Launched in October 2005 the Hong Leong Mobile Credit Card is the first of its kind, allowing customers who are provided with a six-digit personal identification number (PIN) to pay for goods and services using mobile phones via short messaging service (SMS). This offering is the result of Hong Leong Bank tie-up with technology provider Mobile coin International Sdn. Bhd. This unique method of payment, known as Mobile Money is speedy, convenient and terms effective. Using onl y the mobile phone for approval of proceedings and payments, there is no longer a conduct for the physical plastic card, merchant terminals or Internet terminals. Payment requests are delivered via SMS. There is no need for card members to be present at the point of sales or at the merchant outlets. Payments can therefore be made from wherever card members are, at whichever place where there are mobile phone signals. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)In 2007, Hong Leong Bank bagged the Asian Bankers Best e-Banking Project 2007 with its Internet banking offering, Hong Leong Online. The award recognizes the best appear technology practices and benchmarks in Asia Pacific banks. Apart from the Asian Banker award, Hong Leong has also been ranked as the third most popular Malaysian online banking site. Online banking transactions helped the bank give birth about RM24mil from March to October 2007 as each online transaction cost about 20% compared with about RM3.50 for every over-the-counter tran saction.WeaknessIn line with its substantive customer service culture, the HLB continues to maintain its superior delivery standards which have been behind against international ISO standards. HLB is yet attained bank-wide ISO 90012000 certifications for customer service at the front component part of its branches and bank-wide loan delivery service. This is a major drawback for the HLB to have a better customer base. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)As to postulate in the industry of banking, interest rate is a major challenge as customer will choose for a higher interest rate for savings account and for the lowest interest rate for the loans that the customers are seeking for their financial assistances and better service for the customer. Hong Leong Bank take to change according to the environment as to compete and remain as the market leader. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)As Hong Leong Bank has moved ahead to the Electronic banking or transaction there is greater risk or security threats cir culated to the users of online banking or transaction. There are non technical threats such as phising whereby it is the act of tricking someone into giving them confidential information or tricking them into doing something that they normally wouldnt do. The common applications of this approach is to send distort emails (email spoofing) to a victim purporting to come from a legitimate source and requesting information (such as the bank account number and the password) or directing the victim to a fake internet website where this information can be captured.OpportunitiesThe bank may recruit young and talented staffs and provide them proper training to create a talent base as well as provide job to those who are in need. This may also reduces the unemployment rates in Malaysia. This talent base is able to adopt with internal formation and usually stay with the bank until the end. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)As the banking industry grows and provides opportunities for the local customers indirectly it also given an opportunity to the foreigners who stays in Malaysia. They tend to use banking services more frequently to have different types of account. This additional customer base will bring more money inside the bank and of course banks will gain profit from various types of transactions. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Bringing the bank closer to the consumer could be the vital opportunity. Providing a payment gateway where air card could be used as like a credit card for everyday usages. Since these customers will use won money, bank may win them to save more to get more benefits. Establishing more ATM and branches and electronic features (e.g Western Union money transfer) will definitely bring more customers in. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Threats relaxation behavior of distributing credit card could be a disturbing role the bank is playing. While credit card repayments are depends fully on customer payment, if it is not paid, bank has to go long way. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009 )The bank is not really in forefront direct to introduce new products and service as market read changes. It if often seen that the bank introduces the products in different name when the service is already available in the market by other bank. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)3.2.3 Limitations of SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis usually very subjective. It simply looks at the negative factors first in order to turn them into positive factors. So it is advisable to use SWOT as guide and not as prescription. (Spreng and Chiou, 2002)Strategic Choices4.1 Generic Strategy4.1.1 Why Porters Generic StrategyGeneric strategies are widely used directly even though it was invented in 1980s. Three options are available for organizations to adopt to achieve sustainability which are cost leadership, differentiation and focus. Each of the three options are considered in two aspects of the competitive environment (i) Competitive advantage talks about the prices (high or low) of the products, (ii) Competitive scope talks about the market size (narrow or broad). (Porter, 1985) (Chen, 1999) (Sanzo et al, 2003) overall Cost LeadershipThe low cost products are the product leader in the market. It may also included the time required to create and delivery the products to customers. As it is mentioned earlier, using online banking, it would help the bank as well as customers to save more. Developing and maintaining online business is not low-priced itself. Yet it could provide vital thumbs-up to banks generic strategy. If more customers opt for online transactions, bank wouldnt have to spent time on serving customer physically thus itll requires less resources (e.g. less branch, less employees). These less resources will push ahead the bank with extra finance to improve other services. (Harris and Goode, 2004) (Sanzo et al, 2003)DifferentiationDifferentiated goods and services are knowing to satisfy the customers with the lowest price/cost available for similar kind of products. HLB Flexi F D is a fixed deposit product which gives higher interest rate to the customer. Thus the bank will be in risk of loosing money. So it has to bring and retain much customer to brood the loss. The loss must be cover to be competitive. Since banking industry changes rapidly, HLB will have to customize the products and services over times to hold ensure customer satisfaction. (Dannenberg and Kellner, 1998) (Jones, Mothersbaugh, and Beatty, 2000)FocusIn focus an organization can afford n both a wide scope cost leadership nor does a wide scope differentiation strategy, Here an organization focus effort and resources on a narrow segment of a market. Competitive advantage is generated ad hocally for the niche. A company has two options to choose use either a cost focus or a differentiation focus. Taken example of HLB structured investments. Invested amounts are 3rd-party transactions and bank itself doesnt provide any attempt of returns of money to the customer. In this segment, HLB is a low profile character. Even though bank is charging some commission on the investments, customers who are willing to invest are to do so at own risk. (Jarvelin and Lehtinen, 1996) (Evans and Beltramini, 1987)4.2 Strategic Directions4.2.1 Why Ansoff MatrixThe Ansoff Growth matrix is a strategicalal direction tool that helps businesses decides their strategies for growth. Ansoffs product/market growth matrix discuss about the strategies on which the business deliver new or current products in new or current markets. Overall output of Ansoff product/market matrix is sets of strategies that set the direction for the business growth. (Auh et al, 2007) (Sanzo et al, 2003) These are described belowMarket penetrationMarket penetration is a general name of selling current products into current markets. The bank continuously introduces loan and credit products to customers to leap ahead. Since the banks most incomes come from loan and credit facility, mold of current products will ensure m arket growth and increase of usages by existing customers. Market penetration for HLB will be focused on the interchange markets that it is very familiar with, competitors are known, customer needs are defined and returns are potential. (Gustafsson, Johnson, and Roos, 2005) (Agrawal, 2001)http//strategyiseverywhere.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/ansoff_matrix.pngMarket developmentMarket development tells about the diffusion of current products in new market. With its existing banking facilities, the bank introduces private banking for the customers who loves personal banking. For everyday needs of banking, investment, loan, protection a dedicated personal banker is always there to serve the individual customer to fill their needs. These personal banking is nothing different than existing policies focus goes to its loyal customers which puts big amount inside the bank. (Dannenberg and Kellner, 1998) (Filotto, Tanzi, and Saita, 1997)Product developmentProduct development is the name gi ven to a growth strategy where a business aims to introduce new products into existing markets. Saving multiplier plans is lately introduced by the bank. Hong Leong Savings Multiplier Plan is a unique investment tool that utilizes the powerful concept of Dollar-Cost-Averaging and offers a customized solution to tackle the distinct financial challenges throughout different life stages be it to secure a comfortable retirement or to ensure a steady flow of pension-like funds or for putting aside adequate funds even for childrens education. Islamic banking is another example of product development. (Metawa and Almossawi, 1998) (Haron, Ahmad and Planisek, 1994).DiversificationDiversification is the growth strategy where new products are to be delivered in new market. This strategy is more risky for business growth as often business takes longer time to survive in a new market. HLB recently spread their business in Vietnam. Since Vietnamese culture differs from Malaysia, the bank has to adopt the culture as well as compete with well generateed Vietnamese banks. (Shankar, Smith, and Rangaswamy, 2003) (Evans and Beltramini, 1987)4.3 Method for Pursuing Strategic DirectionForward Looking PolicyMonetary policy management needs a forward-looking policy due to the time gap between policy actions and their intended effects on output and inflation. HLB built a macro model which would determine the impact of policy actions. Understanding the microeconomic factors are important too determine the inter-linkage of monetary policy mechanism. (Fornell and Wernerfelt, 1987)Deepening of Financial MarketsNew financial products are traded in the Money/Bonds market by the introduction of Hong Leong Banks Debt Capital Markets Structured Finance (DCM/Structured Finance) unit within Wholesale Banking provides innovative tailored solutions to financial institutions, corporate, agencies and high net-worth individuals through comprehensive offerings in the debt capital markets. (Dannenb erg and Kellner, 1998)Strong Foreign Currency ReserveForeign exchange reserves form part of the national assets and these needs to be deployed rationally keeping in mind the principles of safety, liquidity, and return. The reserves, which are currently deployed by the HLBs in-house reserve management treasury dealers, are in short-term high quality bank deposits. (Naser, Jamal, and Al-Khatib, 1999)Reliable and Secured Payment SystemsTo reduce the settlement time significantly and increase cost effectiveness the bank plans to establish an electronic clearinghouse to do almost every transactions online with tighten security and handy usability. Opening an account, apply for credit cards are already in place. The bank further steps in mobile banking for dedicated user. Recently the bank introduces e-broker services (HLeBroking). HLeBroking allows the flexibility of placing orders either through a phone call to our trading hub or via the internet. Professional dealers centralized in the hub are always on hand to execute transactions and monitor shares investment portfolio. (Shankar, Smith, and Rangaswamy, 2003) (Harris and Goode, 2004)4.4 Implication and military rank of AnalysisDuring this analysis it was assumed that strategies are reasonably orderly and knowable and, in turn, that manifest can help to evaluate theories that claim to explain these strategic positions. Data and information often founded confusing and imperfect. It seems almost certain that no single study can validate or invalidate a theory. Besides, there is a good chance that a large number of studies will not generate consistent results. (Agrawal, 2001)The methodology were used in analysis is not about developing a foolproof system it is at least partly an art. There is no mechanical system that will escape judgment, sense, and intelligence. tho this does not eliminate the need for techniques and standards. Product delivery approaches, geography, demography does plays role in strategic posi tion which were missing in the analysis done. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)The strategic supply process adopted by HLB was participative, consultative and result oriented. But the takes time to achieve results. While some important factors the bank missed out during strategic choices, individual departments must do their respective environmental scans through a SWOT analysis whereby they identified their internal strengths and weaknesses as well as the external opportunities and threats. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Business trends changes randomly. Todays product may not be available tomorrow. Thus no strategic plan could be exactly fit into business strategy. However, HLB could consider a more diversified strategy which would be more beneficial to determine strategic stand.Justification of a StrategyAs the strategic position and strategic choices are different from the matrix analysis, a better strategic growth model is optimal solution.5.1 McKinsey Growth PyramidMcKinsey growth pyramid is a n upgraded interpretation of Ansoff Matrix with broader discussing of important strategic factors. With every possible action there are certain alternatives (e.g. acquisition, joint ventures, alliances etc) with risk measurement from low to high.Existing products to existing customersThis is considered lowest risk options go on businesses with current asset and current customer. But itll not be much beneficial for bank in long terms.Existing products to new customersIntroduce existing products to new customer which may help them meet their daily financial needs so that they dont look for other financial choices. Consumers always look for much return while bank always looks for low give-away. New customers can be a turning point for any bank. Demographical (e.g. adult, children, senior) products would be vital products to attract new customers. (Harris and Goode, 2004)New products and servicesOver time, new products must be channeled into banking business. Broader distribution if I slamic banking could be a important factor. It is seen that many nom-Muslims adopted for Islamic banking. Since there is trend of Islamic banking growth, the bank should not take the risk to risk the potential customers due to lack of proper preparation. Some of the products may be delivered to existing customers. Risk may incur if the products doesnt appeal the customers. (El-Bdour and Erol, 1989) (Gerrad and Cunningham, 1997)New delivery approachesTodays consumer seek more convenient service provider. Banks are not exempted indeed. Many banks had adopted special facilities for different customers. Priority banking could be one solution. In priority banking everyone is unique and therefore has very specific financial needs. Thats why bank will offer a comprehensive range of privileges for convenience. Setting up special services only for young genesis can be another important product delivery approaches. Dedicated services will invite more young generation to adopt the services. H owever, it could cost the bank some extra amount and if the products are not selling well, bank will face loss of resources. (Yoon, Guffey, and Kijewski, 1993) (Mols, 2001)http//www.filecluster.com/screenshots/61893.gifNew geographiesGeographical expansion is one of the most powerful options for growth but also one of the most difficult. The bank already went global opening branches in Singapore and Vietnam. This strategy is prove fine for well reputed bank (e.g. Citibank) but it has to be cautious in business. Geographical movement may bring new customers with solid financial needs but the bank has narrow down the scope of services due to high risk. (Sanzo et al, 2003)New industry structureThe bank may re-assert the liquidity dealership and continue to address the yield challenge. While economics of the business have changed, unlike other countries, pricing and credit spreads did not adjust in tandem in the Malaysia. The quality of strategic asset-liability management, liquidi ty and capital management differentiates. Re-asserting core businesses with efficiency, unit cost management, operating leverage, dynamic pricing as well as customer value or returns on each customer relationship. Cross-selling and customer service are key success factors. (Agrawal, 2001)New competitive arenasUsing competitive arena, business may transfer their resources and knowledge to new industry using vertical integration. This may pose immense risk to bank itself. Bank may loose it all investment. Despite the risk, this will help the bank grows rapidly and spread their products throw many distribution channels. (Gronroos, 1997)ConclusionThe pre- and post-crisis strategic postures are a tale of worldwide economic fall down. The postures are characterized by the scaling up of the business, refining value propositions in each business, responding to competition and price war, arrive at new capabilities and strengthening the risk and IT infrastructure as the bank sought to incre mentally improve our market share and positioning. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009) (Gustafsson, Johnson, and Roos, 2005)The era ahead is more opportunistic in nature, with a rapidly changing eco-system and higher regulatory and prudential requirements. The shadow of the state on the sector globally is more pronounced. 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